Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 25 by language: *........

Largest number: 182 Arabic 92% (Only 119 or 60% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 103 Koalib 48% (95 or 46% - often)
Next largest: 55 Shwai 28% (49 or 25% - often)
* Next: 19 Laro 10% (14 or 7% - often)
Next: 12 Moro 6% (10 or 5% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Miri (Kadugli), Heiban & Nyimang; Southern Sudan: Lotuho; Western Sudan: Masalit; Countries West of the Sudan: Bargu (Maba); Eastern Sudan: Burun; Europe: English.

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 26 by language: ...

Largest number: 215 Arabic 96% (Only 88 or 39% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 188 Nyimang 84% (154 or 69% - often)
Next: 44 Dilling 20% (31 or 14% - often).
Next: 5 English 2% (3 or 1% - often), 5 Ghulfan (Dair) 2% (0 or 0% - often).

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Katla; Southern Sudan: Yulu-Binga & Kresh.

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 27 by language: ..

Largest number: 157 Arabic 99% (Only 95 or 60% of total spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 117 Nyimang 74% (99 or 63% - often)
Next: 52 Dilling 33% (33 or 21% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Dair; Europe: English.

Profile of sample # 28 by language: * ....

Largest number: 252 Arabic 100% (Only 171 or 68% of total spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 129 Dilling 51% (40 or 16% - often)
Next largest: 92 Hausa 36% (90 or 36% - often)
* Next: 34 Ghulfan (Dair) 13% (3 or 1% - often)
Next: 22 Temein 9% (15 or 6% - often)
Next: 11 Nyimang 4% (0 or 0% - often), 9 Fulfulde 4% (4 or 2% - often), 8 Katla 3% (5 or 2% - often), 5 Koalib 2% (0 or 0% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Kadugli; Southern Sudan: Dinka; Countries West of the Sudan: Borno (Kanuri); Europe: English.

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 29 by language: ............

Largest number: 418 Arabic 99% (391 or 93% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 409 Kanga/Miri (Kadugli) 97% (171 or 41% - often)
Next: 15 Krongo 4% (3 or 1% - often), 10 Fulfulde 2% (2 or 0% - often), 9 Englih 2% (0 or 0% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Keiga, Heiban, Shatt, Daju & Dilling; Southern Sudan: Dinka; Western Sudan: Masalit; Countries West of the Sudan: Bargu (Maba), Borno (Kanuri) & Hausa; Eastern Sudan: Beja; Europe: French.

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 30 by language:

Largest number: 349 Ingassana 99% (347 or 99% of total sample spoke Ingassana often.)
Next largest: 235 Arabic 67% (78 or 22% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next: 11 Berta 3% (3 or 1% - often)

Languages of survey

Key to Claimed Affiliations

• Afro- Asiatic (Hamito-Semitic): AA
• Indo-European: IE
• Niger-Kordofanian: NK
• Nilo-Sahelian: NS
• Kadugli-Krongo (Nilo-Saharan): KK(NS)

Key to Following Table: Languages of Survey - All

• Dialects are assigned to the relevant language, e.g. Ghulfan => Dair language.
• Alternate names are given for certain languages, e.g. Maba = Bargu.
• Dialects and alternate names are in plain print.
• Languages accounting for less than 2% of a sample are in plain print.
• Languages accounting for 2% of a sample or more are in bold print.

List of Publications of the Language Survey of the Sudan as of 1979

A. Language Survey Series

1. Ismail, Sara Yousif and Ushari Ahmad Mahmud. Language Survey Studies. 1978
2. Ismail, Sara Yousif. The Language Situation in Heiban 1978
3. Kilpatrick Eileen, The Use of Arabic in the Krongo Jebels and at Tabanya. 1978
4. Bell, Herman. The Nuba Mountains: a Preliminary Analysis. (forthcoming)
5. Bell, Herman. Language Survey Tabulation Manual. 1978
6. Royal, Anne. A Preliminary Report on the Survey of Ingassana. 1979
7. Jernudd, Björn and Sayyid Hamid Hurreiz. Language Survey of Sudan, an Interim Report.
   & Jernudd, Björn. Report on the First Phase of the Language Survey of Sudan. 1978

B. Sample of Locality Series

1. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Masakin. 1978
2. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Krongo. 1978
3. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Habila, Kadaru. 1978
4. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Eliri. 1978
5. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Kudr, Angarko. 1978
6. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Umm Dorein, Murta. 1979
7. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Dair: Sidra, Farla. 1979
8. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Lagawa. 1979
9. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Lagawa. 1979
10. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Liguri, Tesei Umm Danab. 1979
11. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Al-'Abbasiya, Tegali. 1979
12. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Nyimang. 1979
13. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Keiga, Debri. 1979
14. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Keiga. 1979
15. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Al-Goz. 1979
16. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Dair: Sidra, Kundukur. 1979
17. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Delami, Abri. 1979
18. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Al-Goz. 1979
19. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Umm Barumbeita, Faid Umm Abdullah. 1978
20. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Shwai, Otoro. 1979
21. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Wali, Julud, Temein. 1979
22. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Dair: Al-'Ain. 1979
23. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Nyimang. 1979
24. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Wali, Julud. 1979
25. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Shwai, Umm Heitan. 1979
26. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Nyimang. 1979
27. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Nyimang. 1979
28. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Tukma. 1979
29. Southern Kordofan, the Nuba Mountains, Miri. 1979

Other Publications Related to the Survey

1. Hurreiz, Sayyid Hamid. Linguistic Diversity and Language Planning in the Sudan. African Studies Seminar, No. 5. 1968
2. Jernudd, Björn. 'List of People Working on Languages of Sudan'. Sudan Research Information Bulletin, No. 5. 1975
3. Jernudd, Björn. 'Teachers and Language in Sudan, a Questionnaire Survey of Teachers in Junior Secondary Schools' in Hurreiz and Bell (1975)
4. Bell, Herman. 'A Data Bank for Sudanese Languages' in Hurreiz and Bell (1975)
5. Hurreiz, Sayyid Hamid and Herman Bell. Directions in Sudanese Linguistics and Folklore. Sudan Studies Library, No. 4. 1975
6. Bell, Herman. Language Survey Questionnaire Manual. 1976
7. Sid Ahmed, Mohamed Yousif. An Analysis of the Nuba Mountain Language Survey: a Comparative Study of Language Usage in Dair, Angarko and Habila. Unpublished dissertation. Institute of African and Asian Studies, University of Khartoum. March 1979

Responsible for these Web pages is Knut S. Vikø. Last updated 5.11.98.