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1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 17 Languages#%
Delami, Abri1Ar+Koalib 19633958
2Ar+English 123394
3Ar+Kl+En 3333910
4Arabic 9533928
5Koalib 33391

Chart 19

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 17 by language: * .....................

Largest number: 336 Arabic 99% (Only 296 or 87% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 232 Koalib 68% (78 or 23% - often)
* Next: 45 English 13% (18 or 5% - often)
Next: 15 Heiban 4% (1 or 0% - often), 10 Dilling 3% (0 or 0% - often), 8 Hausa 2% (4 or 1% - often), 7 French 2% (1 or 0% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Laro, Dair, Nyimang, Keiga, Krongo, Kadugli, Lafofa, Moro, Tagoi, Tira & Otoro; Southern Sudan: Jur Lwo, Kresh, Zande, Anuak, Dinka, Nuer & Shilluk; Countries West of the Sudan: Bargu (Maba) & Mimi; East Africa: Swahili.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 18 Languages#%
Al-Goz.B1Ar+Kanuri 6923130
2Ar+Hausa 6423128
3Ar+Kn+Hs 62313
4Arabic 7823134
5Kanuri 52312
6Hausa 82313
7Bargu 12310
Borno = Kanuri

Chart 20

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 18 by language: ........

Largest number: 217 Arabic 94% (Only 104 or 45% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 80 Borno (Kanuri) 35% (71 or 31% - often)
Next: 78 Hausa 34% (65 or 28% - often)
Next: 20 Nyimang 9% (9 or 4% - often), 12 Bargu (Maba) 5% (9 or 4% - often)
Next: 8 Masalit 3% (0 or 0% - often), 5 English 2% (0 or 0% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Daju, Dilling & Shwai; Western Sudan: Kunjara (Fur) & Zaghawa; Countries West of the Sudan: Tama, Fulfulde & Bagirmi.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 19 Languages#%
Umm Barumbeita,1Ar+Koalib 5634216
Faid, Umm Abdullah2Ar+Tagoi 3334210
3Ar+Kl+Ta 33421
5Arabic 24634272
6Otoro(Ot = dialect of Koalib) 33421
7Laro 13420

Chart 21

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 19 by language: * * ............

Largest number: 338 Arabic 99% (329 or 96% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
* Next largest: 59 Koalib 17% (29 or 8% - often)
* Next: 36 Tagoi 11% (4 or 1% - often)
Next: 25 Hausa 7% (13 or 4% - often), 17 Otoro 5% (13 or 4% - often)
Next: 13 Bargu (Maba) 4% (6 or 2% - often), 11 Laro 3% (11 or 3% - often), 8 Heiban 2% (2 or 1% - often), 13 English 4% (6 or 2% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Daju, Tegali, Kadugli & Tira; Southern Sudan: Nuer, Shilluk; Bari & Latuho; Western Sudan: Masalit; Countries West of the Sudan: Fulfulde & Borno (Kanuri); Europe: French.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 20a Languages (Otoro is merged with Koalib)#%
Shwai, Otoro1Ar+Koalib 8317448
2Ar+Shwai 151749
3Ar+Kl+Sh 51743
4Arabic 4717427
5Koalib+Shwai 11741
6Koalib 151749
7Shwai 51743
8Moro 31742
Umm Heitan & Hadra = Koalib

Chart 22

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 20 by language: * ........

Largest number: 150 Arabic 86% (Only 113 or 65% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 104 Koalib 60% (61 or 35% - often) (Otoro is merged with Koalib.)
* Next: 26 Shwai 15% (22 or 13% - often)
Next: 11 Moro 6% (8 or 5% - often), 8 Hausa 5% (8 or 5% - often), 8 Tira 5% (6 or 3% - often)
Next: 7 Laro 4% (4 or 2% - often), 7 English 4% (1 or 1% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Julud (Katla), Heiban, Nyimang, Ghulfan/Kadaru (Dair) & Temein; Southern Sudan: Dinka & Zande; Countries West of the Sudan: Gur'an (Tubu).



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM L1+L2+L3 Total
Sample
Locality # 20b Languages (Otoro is separated from Koalib)#%
Shwai, Otoro1Ar+Otoro 1917411
2Ar+Shwai 151749
3Ar+Ot+Sh 51743
4Otoro+Shwai 11741
5Koalib 21741
6Otoro 131747
7Arabic 4717427
8Ar+Koalib 6417437
9Shwai 51743
10Moro 31742
Umm Heitan & Hadra = Koalib

Chart 23

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Four Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 20 by language: * ........

Largest number: 150 Arabic 86% (Only 113 or 65% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 66 Koalib 38% (61 or 35% - often)
Next largest: 38 Otoro 22% (37 or 21% - often)
* Next: 26 Shwai 15% (22 or 13% - often)
Next: 11 Moro 6% (8 or 5% - often), 8 Hausa 5% (8 or 5% - often), 8 Tira 5% (6 or 3% - often)
Next: 7 Laro 4% (4 or 2% - often), 7 English 4% (1 or 1% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Julud (Katla), Heiban, Nyimang, Ghulfan/Kadaru (Dair) & Temein; Southern Sudan: Dinka & Zande; Countries West of the Sudan: Gur'an (Tubu).



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 21a Languages#%
Wali, Julud,1Ar+Dilling 6422528
Temein2Ar+Katla 8022536
3Ar+Dl+Kt 22251
4Arabic 3822517
5Dilling 2622512
6Katla 42252
7Temein 112255
Wali = Dilling
Julud = Katla

Chart 24

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 21 by language: *..

Largest number: 184 Arabic 82% (Only 131 or 58% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 92 Wali (Dilling) 41% (91 or 40% - often)
Next: 86 Julud (Katla) 38% (85 or 38% - often)
* Next: 31 Temein 14% (30 or 13% - often)
Next: 7 English 3% (2 or 1% - often), 6 Nyimang 3% (3 or 1% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Southern Sudan: Dinka & Shilluk.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM L1+L2+L3 Total
Sample
Locality # 21b Languages#%
Wali, Julud,1Ar+Dilling 6422528
Temein2Ar+Katla 7822535
3Ar+Kt+Tm 22251
4Ar+Temein 182258
5Ar+Dl+Kt 22251
6Arabic 202259
7Dilling 2622512
8Temein 112255
9Katla 42252
Julud = Katla, Wali = Dilling

Chart 25

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Four Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 21 by language: * ..

Largest number: 184 Arabic 82% (Only 131 or 58% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 92 Wali (Dilling) 41% (91 or 40% - often)
Next: 86 Julud (Katla) 38% (85 or 38% - often)
* Next: 31 Temein 14% (30 or 13% - often)
Next: 7 English 3% (2 or 1% - often), 6 Nyimang 3% (3 or 1% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Southern Sudan: Dinka & Shilluk.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 22 Languages#%
Dair: Al-'Ain1Ar+English 31842
2Ar+Dair 4918427
3Ar+Dr+Dinka 11841
4Arabic 13118471

Chart 26

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Two Major Languages of the Sample

Profile of sample # 22 by language: ...

Largest number: 184 Arabic 100% (182 or 99% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 50 Dair 27% (27 or 15% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Southern Sudan: Dinka; Europe: English & French.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 23 Languages#%
Nyimang.B1Ar+Nyimang 10819755
2Ar+Dilling 2819714
3Ar+Ny+Dl 3219716
4Nyimang+Dilling 31972
5Arabic 141977
6Nyimang 51973
7Dilling 71974
Fanda, Karko, Kujuriya & Kasha =
Dilling

Chart 27

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 23 by language: ....

Largest number: 182 Arabic 92% (Only 126 or 64% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 148 Nyimang 75% (122 or 62% - often)
Next: 70 Dilling 36% (48 or 24% - often)
Next: 7 Ghulfan (Dair) 4% (1 or 1% - often), 6 English 3% (0 or 0% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Nuba Mountains: Kadugli; Southern Sudan: Dinka; Countries West of the Sudan: Bargu (Maba) & Hausa.



1976 PATTERNS OF MULTILINGUALISM Total
Sample
Locality # 24 Languages#%
Wali, Julud1Ar+Katla 4416627
2Ar+Dl+Kt 51663
3Arabic 71664
4Dilling 3116619
5Katla 21661
6Ar+Dilling 7716646
Wali = Dilling
Julud = Katla

Chart 28

Patterns of Multilingualism in the Three Major Languages of the Sample

Chart exploded to highlight speakers of Arabic

Profile of sample # 24 by language: ....

Largest number: 133 Arabic 80% (Only 61 or 37% of total sample spoke Arabic often.)
Next largest: 113 Wali (Dilling) 68% (112 or 67% - often)
Next largest: 51 Julud (Katla) 31% (46 or 28% - often)
Next: 6 Temein 4% (2 or 1% - often), 5 Nyimang 3% (1 or 1% - often), 4 Ghulfan (Dair) 2% (3 or 2% - often)

... Languages spoken by less than 2% of the Sample - Southern Sudan: Dinka; Countries West of the Sudan: Bargu (Maba) Europe: French & English.



Sample # 25
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